Orgasm

Lore & Background

Orgasms usually result from physical sexual stimulation—of the penis in males (often with ejaculation) and of the clitoris (and vagina) in females—but can also be achieved through psychological arousal alone, such as during dreaming (nocturnal emission). The period after orgasm, the resolution phase, is typically relaxing due to release of oxytocin, prolactin, and endorphins. Health effects include a relaxed state and changes in the central nervous system, such as decreased metabolic activity in parts of the cerebral cortex but increased activity in limbic areas. Sexual dysfunctions like anorgasmia exist, and the importance of orgasm for sexual satisfaction varies among individuals.

Reader's Guide

Debate exists over whether certain sensations (e.g., from G-spot stimulation alone, or extended orgasms) should be classified as orgasms, as they may lack the involuntary contractions of the clinical definition. In women, direct clitoral stimulation is the most common route to orgasm, with 70–80% requiring it; vaginal stimulation is less reliable due to fewer nerve endings. Multiple orgasms are more common in women, though some sources note a refractory period can occur in both sexes. The psychology of female orgasm receives more research attention than male, but controlled studies suggest more similarities than differences in subjective experience.

Did You Know?

• Orgasms can be achieved through psychological arousal alone, first reported among people with spinal cord injuries.
• During sleep, a sex dream can trigger an orgasm and release of sexual fluids (nocturnal emission).